HTML URL Encoding Reference

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# HTML URL Encoding Reference

URL encoding converts characters into a format that can be safely transmitted over the Internet.

## URL - Universal Resource Locator

Web browsers request pages from web servers by using a URL.

The URL is the address of a web page like: http://www.w3schools.com.

## URL Encoding

URLs can only be sent over the Internet using the ASCII character-set.

Since URLs often contains characters outside the ASCII set, the URL has to be converted. URL encoding converts the URL into a valid ASCII format.

URL encoding replaces unsafe ASCII characters with "%" followed by two hexadecimal digits corresponding to the character values in the ISO-8859-1 character-set.

URLs cannot contain spaces. URL encoding normally replaces a space with a + sign.

## Try It Yourself

If you click the "Submit" button below, the browser will URL encode the input before it is sent to the server. A page at the server will display the received input.

Try some other input and click Submit again.

## URL Encoding Functions

In JavaScript, PHP, and ASP there are functions that can be used to URL encode a string.

In JavaScript you can use the encodeURI() function. PHP has the rawurlencode() function and ASP has the Server.URLEncode() function.

Click the "URL Encode" button to see how the JavaScript function encodes the text.

Note: The JavaScript function encodes space as %20.

## URL Encoding Reference

ASCII Character | URL-encoding
--- | ---
space | %20
! | %21
" | %22
# | %23
$ | %24
% | %25
& | %26
' | %27
( | %28
) | %29
* | %2A
+ | %2B
, | %2C
- | %2D
. | %2E
/ | %2F
0 | %30
1 | %31
2 | %32
3 | %33
4 | %34
5 | %35
6 | %36
7 | %37
8 | %38
9 | %39
: | %3A
; | %3B
< | %3C
= | %3D
> | %3E
? | %3F
@ | %40
A | %41
B | %42
C | %43
D | %44
E | %45
F | %46
G | %47
H | %48
I | %49
J | %4A
K | %4B
L | %4C
M | %4D
N | %4E
O | %4F
P | %50
Q | %51
R | %52
S | %53
T | %54
U | %55
V | %56
W | %57
X | %58
Y | %59
Z | %5A
[ | %5B
\ | %5C
] | %5D
^ | %5E
_ | %5F
` | %60
a | %61
b | %62
c | %63
d | %64
e | %65
f | %66
g | %67
h | %68
i | %69
j | %6A
k | %6B
l | %6C
m | %6D
n | %6E
o | %6F
p | %70
q | %71
r | %72
s | %73
t | %74
u | %75
v | %76
w | %77
x | %78
y | %79
z | %7A
{ | %7B
| | %7C
} | %7D
~ | %7E
| %7F
€ | %80
| %81
‚ | %82
ƒ | %83
„ | %84
… | %85
† | %86
‡ | %87
ˆ | %88
‰ | %89
Š | %8A
‹ | %8B
Œ | %8C
| %8D
Ž | %8E
| %8F
| %90
‘ | %91
’ | %92
“ | %93
” | %94
• | %95
– | %96
— | %97
˜ | %98
™ | %99
š | %9A
› | %9B
œ | %9C
| %9D
ž | %9E
Ÿ | %9F
| %A0
¡ | %A1
¢ | %A2
£ | %A3
| %A4
¥ | %A5
| | %A6
§ | %A7
¨ | %A8
© | %A9
ª | %AA
« | %AB
¬ | %AC
¯ | %AD
® | %AE
¯ | %AF
° | %B0
± | %B1
² | %B2
³ | %B3
´ | %B4
µ | %B5
¶ | %B6
· | %B7
¸ | %B8
¹ | %B9
º | %BA
» | %BB
¼ | %BC
½ | %BD
¾ | %BE
¿ | %BF
À | %C0
Á | %C1
Â | %C2
Ã | %C3
Ä | %C4
Å | %C5
Æ | %C6
Ç | %C7
È | %C8
É | %C9
Ê | %CA
Ë | %CB
Ì | %CC
Í | %CD
Î | %CE
Ï | %CF
Ð | %D0
Ñ | %D1
Ò | %D2
Ó | %D3
Ô | %D4
Õ | %D5
Ö | %D6
| %D7
Ø | %D8
Ù | %D9
Ú | %DA
Û | %DB
Ü | %DC
Ý | %DD
Þ | %DE
ß | %DF
à | %E0
á | %E1
â | %E2
ã | %E3
ä | %E4
å | %E5
æ | %E6
ç | %E7
è | %E8
é | %E9
ê | %EA
ë | %EB
ì | %EC
í | %ED
î | %EE
ï | %EF
ð | %F0
ñ | %F1
ò | %F2
ó | %F3
ô | %F4
õ | %F5
ö | %F6
÷ | %F7
ø | %F8
ù | %F9
ú | %FA
û | %FB
ü | %FC
ý | %FD
þ | %FE
ÿ | %FF

## URL Encoding Reference

The ASCII device control characters %00-%1f were originally designed to control hardware devices. Control characters have nothing to do inside a URL.

ASCII Character | Description | URL-encoding
--- | --- | ---
NUL | null character | %00
SOH | start of header | %01
STX | start of text | %02
ETX | end of text | %03
EOT | end of transmission | %04
ENQ | enquiry | %05
ACK | acknowledge | %06
BEL | bell (ring) | %07
BS | backspace | %08
HT | horizontal tab | %09
LF | line feed | %0A
VT | vertical tab | %0B
FF | form feed | %0C
CR | carriage return | %0D
SO | shift out | %0E
SI | shift in | %0F
DLE | data link escape | %10
DC1 | device control 1 | %11
DC2 | device control 2 | %12
DC3 | device control 3 | %13
DC4 | device control 4 | %14
NAK | negative acknowledge | %15
SYN | synchronize | %16
ETB | end transmission block | %17
CAN | cancel | %18
EM | end of medium | %19
SUB | substitute | %1A
ESC | escape | %1B
FS | file separator | %1C
GS | group separator | %1D
RS | record separator | %1E
US | unit separator | %1F

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