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Werke Petros I. von Alexandria Epistula canonica Notes and Elucidations on Peter of Alexandria

II.

(Canonical Epistle, p. 279.)

The judgment of Dupin is so exceptionally eulogistic touching these canons, that I quote it, as follows: 1 --

"Of all the canons of antiquity concerning the discipline of the lapsed, there are none more judicious or more equitable than those we have now described. There appear in them a wisdom and prudence altogether singular in tempering the rigours of punishment by a reasonable moderation, without which justice would be weakened. He examines carefully all the circumstances which might augment or diminish the quality of the crime; and as he does not lengthen out penance by methods too severe, so neither does he deceive the sinner by a facility too remiss."

Like the famous Canonical Epistles of St. Basil, however, these are compilations of canons accepted by the churches of his jurisdiction. Dupin says of those of Basil 2 (To Amphilochius), "They are not to be considered as the particular opinions of St. Basil, but as the laws of the Church in his time; and therefore they are not written in the form of personal letters, but after the manner of synodical decisions."

The Roman Emperors.

In the study of these volumes a table is useful, such as I find it convenient to place here, showing the Ante-Nicene succession of Caesars.

a.d.

  1. Augustus--1

  2. Tiberius--14

  3. Caligula--37

  4. Claudius--41

  5. Nero--54

  6. Galba--68

  7. Otho--69

  8. Vitellius--69

  9. Vespasian--69

  10. Titus--79

  11. Domitian--81

  12. Nerva--96

  13. Trajan--98

  14. Hadrian--117

  15. Antoninus Pius--138

  16. Marcus Aurelius--161

  17. Commodus--180

  18. Pertinax--192

  19. Didius Julianus (Niger)--193

  20. Septimius Severus--193

  21. Caracalla (Geta)--211

  22. Macrinus--217

  23. Heliogabalus--218

  24. Alexander Severus--222

  25. Maximinus--235

  26. Gordian--235

  27. Pupienus (Balbinus)--235

  28. Gordian the Younger--238

  29. Philip--244

  30. Decuis--249

  31. Gallus (Volusianus)--251

  32. Valerian--254

  33. Gallienus--260

  34. Claudius II--268

  35. Aurelian--270

  36. Tacitus (Probus)--275

  37. Florian--276

  38. Carus (Carinus, Numerian)--282

  39. Diocletian--284

  40. Maximian (Galerius)--286

  41. Constantius Chlorus--292

  42. Maximin--306

  43. Constantine the Great (Licinius, Etc.)--307

Suetonius includes Julius, and therefore his Twelve Caesars end with Domitian, the last of the Flavian family. With Nerva the "five good emperors" (so called) begin, but the "good Aurelius" was a persecutor. St. John, surviving the cruelty of Domitian, lived and died under Trajan.

The "vision of Constantine" is dated, at Treves, a.d. 312.

The Labarum became the Roman standard thenceforth.

The Dominical ordinance dates from Milan, June 2, a.d. 321.

He founds the city of Constantinople a.d. 324, convokes the Council of Nicaea a.d. 325.


  1. Eccl. Hist. Cent. IV., sub tit. "Peter of Alexandria." ↩

  2. Ibid., sub tit. "Basil." ↩

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